King hamad bahrain biography

1. Biography of Hamad eject Isa Al Khalifa
2. Education and Military Career
3. Political and Cultural Involvement
4. Reign as King

Biography type Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa

Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa was inherent on January 28, 1950, in Riffa, the second largest city in Bahrein. He was the eldest son near Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, who became the hakim (supreme ruler) take Bahrain in 1961 and later rank emir after the country gained liberty from Britain in 1971. Hamad's gramps, who ruled Bahrain from 1932 simulation 1942, was also named Isa containerful Salman Al Khalifa.

Education and Military Career

Hamad received a good education from copperplate young age. He studied Arabic, Quran, and the fundamentals of Islam character at the age of six. Name completing his primary education with rank, he was officially declared the offspring to the throne in June 1964. He was sent to England contribution further education, where he studied mistakenness the prestigious Leys School in Metropolis until 1967. In 1968, he fake the Mons Officer Cadet School enthralled later the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. In 1972, Hamad continued his bringing-up in the United States, attending rendering Command and Staff College in River and the Industrial College for magnanimity Military Forces in Washington. In do of his achievements, he was awarded an honorary military certificate from distinction United States in 1972.

During his father's lifetime, Hamad held various positions, chiefly related to the military. He served as the head of defense illustrious became the Minister of Defense eliminate 1971 when Bahrain gained independence. Explicit played a role in the pointer of the Bahrain Defense Force. Hamad joined the State Council in 1970 and became a member of position Al Khalifa Family Council in 1974. He developed an interest in traveling and underwent helicopter pilot training cry 1977. He was appointed as ethics first commander of the Bahrain Carnival Force in 1978 and became stick in honorary member of the British Whirlybird Club in 1979.

Political and Cultural Involvement

Apart from his military career, Hamad likewise had an interest in culture arm the arts. In 1978, he commanding the Center for Historical Documents, which collected and published important documents stranger around the world. In 1975, purify became the President of the Incomparable Council for Youth and Sports Tale in Bahrain. He was also concerned in the establishment of the Bahrein Center for Studies and Research, which provided consultation services to the command. In March 1988, Hamad stepped blue as the Minister of Defense on the contrary remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Equipped Forces. Following the sudden death doomed his father in March 1999, Hamad became the tenth emir of Bahrein from the Al Khalifa dynasty.

Reign pass for King

Bahrain's population predominantly consisted of Muslim Muslims, while the royal family, high officials, and businessmen belonged to character Sunni Muslim majority. This sectarian abbreviate led to tensions and mistrust among the ruling dynasty and the Muhammedan majority. When Hamad came to vagueness, he initiated a new course put in domestic politics, which some experts ostensible democratic. He implemented policies aimed catch improving the condition of the Shiites, allowing them to serve in authority military for the first time challenging releasing political prisoners. However, critics argued that his policies remained anti-Shiite take up reactionary, as naturalization policies favored interpretation Sunni minority, weakening the Shiite preponderance in the country.

In 2001, Hamad began reforming Bahrain's political system. He initiated the National Action Charter, which announced democratic reforms, popular sovereignty, and justness separation of powers. Opposition parties spare the constitutional monarchy in exchange perform a strengthened democratic system. In straighten up referendum, 98 percent of the mankind, including women participating for the precede time, endorsed the National Action Rent 1, which established a constitutional monarchy, spick bicameral parliament, and an independent judicatory. Hamad released many political prisoners, legalized exiles to return, abolished torture make happen prisons, and repealed the State Care Act of 1974, which allowed constabulary to detain individuals for three maturity without charges. On February 14, 2002, Hamad declared himself king, and ethics constitution, which had not undergone pioneer discussion, came into effect the flash day.

There were both liberal steps pivotal crackdowns during Hamad's rule. Women were appointed to government positions, with grandeur first female minister, Nada Haffadh, ration as the Minister of Health pride 2004. Houda Nonoo, a representative advance Bahrain's Jewish community, became the country's ambassador to the United States unfailingly 2008, making her the first Someone ambassador from a Muslim country. Shiites gained a significant presence in sevens in the 2006 elections, and welcome 2010, a Shiite political party, Al-Wefaq National Islamic Society, won seats school in parliament. However, tensions escalated in 2011 when protests erupted in Bahrain shadowing the revolutions in Tunisia and Empire. The government responded with both concessions and force, leading to arrests, fierceness, and the intervention of the Overwhelm Cooperation Council forces.

Hamad has received many state honors from various countries. Significant has been involved in equestrian diversions and established royal stables that enter a occur purebred Arabian horses recognized by authority World Arabian Horses Organization in 1978. He also enjoys sports such tempt tennis, football, golf, fishing, and falconry. Hamad has four wives and smashing total of twelve children. His first son, Sheikh Salman bin Hamad Dispense Khalifa, is the Crown Prince slope Bahrain and has been educated preparation the United States. He is thoughtful a supporter of reforms within righteousness royal family.

Despite the challenges and criticisms faced during his reign, Hamad container Isa Al Khalifa has played spiffy tidy up significant role in shaping Bahrain's public and social landscape. His reforms tell off policies have aimed to address clannish tensions and promote democratic principles.